This IELTS Reading post deals with Cambridge 13 Reading Test 4 Passage 3 which is entitled ‘Book Review’. This post discusses all the answers and solutions for Reading Passage 3. This is another intended post for candidates who have the most difficulties in finding and understanding IELTS Reading Answers. This post can simply guide you the best to figure out every Reading answer without trouble. Finding IELTS Reading answers is a step-by-step routine and I hope this post can assist you in this topic.
Cambridge 13 Reading Test 4 Passage 3:
The headline of the passage: Book Review
Questions 27-29: (Multiple Choice Questions)
[Multiple choice questions are a common type of question set in the IELTS Reading test. It is also found in the Listening test. Most of the time, they come with four options but sometimes there are three options. Candidates need to work hard for this type of question because this may confuse them easily in passage 2 or passage 3. There will be long answers for each question, so they may kill valuable time. So, a quick reading or skimming technique might come handy here. Remember that answers in 3 options out of 4 will be very close. So, vocabulary power will help a lot to choose the best answer.]
[TIPS: Skimming is the best reading technique. You need not understand every word here. Just try to gather the gist of the sentences. That’s all. Read quickly and don’t stop until you finish each sentence.]
Question 27: What is the reviewer’s attitude to advocates of positive psychology?
Keywords for this question: reviewer’s attitude, advocates of positive psychology
We can find the reference to ‘positive psychology’ in line 6 of paragraph no. 1. Here, the writer defines ‘positive psychology’. However, the mention of ‘advocates of positive psychology’ is found in line 12 of paragraph no. 2. The writer says in lines 2-5 about them, “Those who think in this way are oblivious to the vast philosophical literature in which the meaning and value of happiness have been explored and questioned, and write as if nothing of any importance had been thought on the subject until it came to their attention.”
Here, as if nothing of any importance had been thought on the subject until it came to their attention means they are actually ignorant about the ideas which they should consider.
*The word oblivious also means unaware or ignorant.
So, the answer is: D
Question 28: The reviewer refers to the Greek philosopher Aristotle in order to suggest that happiness
Keywords for this question: Aristotle,
We find the mention of Greek philosopher Aristotle in line 7 of paragraph no. 2. So, we need to scan the lines carefully. Here, the writer says in lines 6-10, “For Bentham it was obvious that the human good consists of pleasure and the absence of pain. The Greek philosopher Aristotle may have identified happiness with self-realisation in the 4th century,. .. . .. .. . but for Bentham all this was mere metaphysics or fiction.” The writer discusses here that Bentham considers happiness as only with pleasure and with the absence of pain. But for Aristotle it was not only pleasure and absence of pain. Rather, it was something that could be identified by self-realisation, which may not seem correct all the time.
So, the answer is: A
Question 29: According to Davies, Bentham’s suggestion for linking the price of goods to happiness was significant because
Keywords for this question: Davies, Bentham’s suggestion, linking, price of goods,
The answer is in the fourth paragraph, where the writer talks about price of goods. Here, in the last few lines, the writer says, “By associating money so closely to inner experience, Davies writes, Bentham ‘set the stage for the entangling of psychological research and capitalism that would shape the business practices of the twentieth century’.” The writer explains here that Bentham had associated money or price of goods with inner experience and thus made a connection between work and human psychology.
So, the answer is: B
Questions 30-34: (Summary completion with NO MORE THAN ONE WORD)
[In this kind of question candidates are given a summary for one, two or three paragraphs with some fill in the blanks questions. As these are fill in the blanks or gaps, there is a condition of writing no more than ONE, TWO, or THREE words for each answer and candidates must maintain this condition. Candidates need to find out the related paragraphs by correctly studying the keywords form the questions. Then, they should follow the steps of finding answers to fill in the gaps.]
Title of the summary: Jeremy Bentham
Question 30: In the 1790s he suggested a type of technology to improve _________ for different Government departments.
Keywords for this question: 1790s, technology, to improve, different Government departments
The answer to this question lies in paragraph no. 3, lines 6-7 where the author writes, “In the 1790s, he wrote to the Home Office suggesting that the departments of government be linked together through a set of ‘conversation tubes’.”
These lines indicate that Bentham proposed to the Home office that Governmental departments should establish communication with Home office through ‘conversation tubes’.
So, the answer is: F (communication)
Question 31: He developed a new way of printing banknotes to increase ________
Keywords for this question: developed, new way, printing banknotes
In paragraph no. 3, the author says in lines 8-9, “… and to the Bank of England with a design for a printing device that could produce unforgeable banknotes”. Here, unforgeable means something that cannot be forged or falsified or falsified. So, this means that Bentham actually developed a new way of printing banknotes to increase safety or security.
So, the answer is: B (security)
Question 32: and also designed a method for the ________ of food.
Keywords for this question: designed, method, food
The reference to food can be found in lines 9-10 of paragraph no. 3. “He drew up plans for a “frigidarium” to keep provisions such as meat, fish, fruit and vegetables fresh.” These lines directly refer to the preservation of food.
So, the answer is: G (preservation)
Question 33: He also drew up plans for a prison which allowed the _______ of prisoners at all times, … .. . .
Keywords for this question: drew up plans, prison, allowed, prisoners
The answer is in lines 10-12 of paragraph no. 3. Here, the author writes, “He celebrated design for a prison to be known as ‘Panoptieon’, in which prisoners would be kept in solitary confinement while being visible at all time to the guards, ….” Here, while being visible = under observation
So, the answer is: E (observation)
Question 34: when researching happiness, he investigated possibilities for its ________, and suggested some methods of doing this.
Keywords for this question: investigated, possibilities, suggested some methods
The answer to this question is also found in lines 1-2 of Paragraph no. 4. “If happiness is to be regarded as a science, it has to be measured,….” This means Bentham suggested the methods of taking measurement.
So, the answer is: A (measurement)
Questions 35-40 (YES/NO/NOT GIVEN):
[In this type of question, candidates are asked to find out whether:
The statement in the question matches the claim of the writer in the text- YES
The statement in the question contradicts the claim of the writer in the text- NO
The statement in the question has no clear connection with the account in the text- NOT GIVEN]
[TIPS: For this type of question, you can divide each statement into three independent pieces and make your way through with the answer.]
Question 35: One strength of The Happiness Industry is its discussion of the relationship between psychology and economics.
Keywords for this question: The Happiness Industry, discussion, relationship, psychology, economics
The answer can be found in the first few lines of paragraph no. 5 “The Happiness Industry describes how the project of a science of happiness has become integral to capitalism. We learn much that is interesting about how economic problems are being redefined and treated as psychological maladies”. So, it is clear from these lines that there is a strong relationship between psychology and economics.
So, the answer is: YES
Question 36: It is more difficult to measure some emotions than others.
Keywords for this question: difficult to measure, some emotions,
The answer cannot be found in this passage. There is a sentence in paragraph 5 about the feeling of pleasure and displeasure that can be measured which gives further information for research management and advertising. “In addition, Davies shows how the belief that inner states of pleasure and displeasure can be objectively measured has informed management studies and advertising.” But it is not related to this question.
So, the answer is: NOT GIVEN
Question 37: Watson’s ideas on behaviourism were supported by research on humans he carried out before 1915.
Keywords for this question: Watson’s ideas, behaviuorism, supported, research, humans, before 1915
The answer is found in lines 7-9 of paragraph no. 5 which directly contradicts the given question. “When he became president of the American Psychological Association in 1915, he had never even studied a single human being: his research had been confined to experiments on white rats.”
This means Watson’s experiments were on rats, not on humans.
So, the answer is: NO
Question 38: Watson’s ideas have been most influential on governments outside America.
Keywords for this question: Watson’s ideas, most influential, governments outside America
In paragraph 5 there is no information about the impact of Watson’s ideas on countries outside the USA.
So, the answer is: NOT GIVEN
Question 39: The need for happiness is linked to industrialization.
Keywords for this question: need for happiness, linked, industrialization
The answer to this question can be found in the opening sentence paragraph no. 6 which talks about the need for happiness that is connected with labour market. “Modern industrial societies appear to need the possibility of ever-increasing happiness to motivate them in their labours.” This is a clear match with the question.
So, the answer is: YES
Question 40: A main aim of government should be to increase the happiness of the population.
Keywords for this question: main aim, government, increase, happiness of the population
The writer says in lines 2-3 in paragraph no. 6, “But whatever its intellectual pedigree, the idea that governments should be responsible for promoting happiness is always a threat to human freedom.”
Our question asks to find out the aim. But we find out that this is a comment from the author, not a statement on the aim of government.
So, the answer is: NO
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Click here for solutions to Cambridge 13 Test 4 Reading Passage 1
Click here for solutions to Cambridge 13 Test 4 Reading Passage 2
